Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure — JEE Main PYQs

$\mathrm{SF_4}$ is isostructural with :

A. $\mathrm{BrF_4^{\ominus}}$

B. $\mathrm{CH_4}$

C. $\mathrm{IF_4^{\oplus}}$

D. $\mathrm{XeF_4}$

E. $\mathrm{XeO_2F_2}$

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

According to Lewis theory, the total number of $\sigma$ bond-pairs and lone pair of electrons around the central atom of $\mathrm{XeO_6^{4-}}$ ion is ________.

Which of the following pictorial diagram most correctly represents the $\pi^*$ ($\pi$-antibonding) molecular orbital if the internuclear axis is taken to be in the z-direction $\left(\xrightarrow{\text{z-axis}}\right)$?

Consider the following species:

$\mathrm{BrF_5,\ XeF_5^-,\ BF_4^-,\ ICl_4^-,\ XeF_4,\ SF_4,\ NH_4^+,\ ClF_3,\ XeF_2,\ ICl_2^-}$

Number of species having $\mathrm{sp^3d}$ hybridized central atom is ________.

The covalent radii of atoms A and B are $r_A$ and $r_B$, respectively. The covalent bond length and total length of AB molecule are respectively

The pairs among $\mathrm{A = \left[SO_3^{2-}, CO_3^{2-}\right]}$, $\mathrm{B = \left[O_2^{2-}, F_2\right]}$, $\mathrm{C = \left[CN^-, CO\right]}$, $\mathrm{D = \left[NH_3, H_3O^+\right]}$ and $\mathrm{E = \left[MnO_4^{2-}, CrO_4^{2-}\right]}$ that do not have similar Lewis dot structure are

Given below are two statements :

Statement I : The number of compounds among $\mathrm{SO_2}$, $\mathrm{SO_3}$, $\mathrm{SF_4}$, $\mathrm{SF_6}$ and $\mathrm{H_2S}$ in which sulphur does not obey the Octet rule is 3.

Statement II : Among $[\mathrm{H_2O},\ \mathrm{ClF_3},\ \mathrm{SF_4}]$, $[\mathrm{NH_3},\ \mathrm{BrF_5},\ \mathrm{SF_4}]$, $[\mathrm{BrF_5},\ \mathrm{ClF_3},\ \mathrm{XeF_4}]$ and $[\mathrm{XeF_4},\ \mathrm{ClF_3},\ \mathrm{H_2O}]$, the number of sets in which all the molecules have one lone pair of electrons on the central atom is 1.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Given below are two statements :

Statement I : $\mathrm{F_2O} < \mathrm{H_2O} < \mathrm{Cl_2O}$ is the correct trend in terms of bond angle.

Statement II : $\mathrm{SiF_4}$, $\mathrm{SnF_4}$ and $\mathrm{PbF_4}$ are ionic in nature.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Bromine trifluoride autoionizes to form $\mathrm{BrF_2^{\oplus}}$ and $\mathrm{BrF_4^{\ominus}}$. The shapes of the cation and anion are respectively __________, and __________.

Among $\mathrm{SO_2}$, $\mathrm{NF_3}$, $\mathrm{NH_3}$, $\mathrm{XeF_2}$, $\mathrm{ClF_3}$ and $\mathrm{SF_4}$, the hybridization of the molecule with non-zero dipole moment and highest number of lone-pairs of electrons on the central atom is :

A molecule with the formula $\mathrm{AX_4Y}$ has all it's elements from p-block. Element A is rarest, monoatomic, non-radioactive from its group and has the lowest ionization enthalpy value among A, X and Y. Elements X and Y have first and second highest electronegativity values respectively among all the known elements. The shape of the molecule is :

Which among the following molecules is (a) involved in $\mathrm{sp^3d}$ hybridization, (b) has different bond lengths and (c) has lone pair of electrons on the central atom ?

Match the LIST-I with LIST-II

	LIST-I (Molecules/ ion)		LIST-II (Hybridisation of central atom)
A.	$\mathrm{PF_5}$	I.	$dsp^2$
B.	$\mathrm{SF_6}$	II.	$sp^3d$
C.	$\mathrm{Ni(CO)_4}$	III.	$sp^3d^2$
D.	$\mathrm{[PtCl_4]^{2-}}$	IV.	$sp^3$

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Given below are two statements:

Statement I : Wet cotton clothes made of cellulose based carbohydrate takes comparatively longer time to get dried than wet nylon polymer based clothes.

Statement II : Intermolecular hydrogen bonding with water molecule is more in nylon-based clothes than in the case of cotton clothes.

In the light of above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below

Given below are two statements :

Statement (I) : For $\mathrm{ClF_3}$ (Cl bearing two lone pairs), all three possible structures may be drawn as follows.

[Figure: three trigonal-bipyramidal structures of ClF3 — I: both lone pairs axial, all three F equatorial; II: one lone pair axial and one equatorial; III: both lone pairs equatorial, T-shaped with two axial F and one equatorial F]

Statement (II) : Structure III is most stable, as the orbitals having the lone pairs are axial, where the lp – bp repulsion is minimum.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Match the LIST-I with LIST-II

LIST-I (Molecule / ion)	LIST-II (Bond pair : lone pair (on the central atom))
A. $\mathrm{ICl_2^-}$	I. 4 : 2
B. $\mathrm{H_2O}$	II. 4 : 1
C. $\mathrm{SO_2}$	III. 2 : 3
D. $\mathrm{XeF_4}$	IV. 2 : 2

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

In $\mathrm{SO_2}$, $\mathrm{NO_2^-}$ and $\mathrm{N_3^-}$ the hybridizations at the central atom are respectively :

The number of molecules/ions that show linear geometry among the following is ________.

$\mathrm{SO_2}$, $\mathrm{BeCl_2}$, $\mathrm{CO_2}$, $\mathrm{N_3^-}$, $\mathrm{NO_2}$, $\mathrm{F_2O}$, $\mathrm{XeF_2}$, $\mathrm{NO_2^+}$, $\mathrm{I_3^-}$, $\mathrm{O_3}$

Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their dipole moment : $\mathrm{HBr}$, $\mathrm{H_2S}$, $\mathrm{NF_3}$ and $\mathrm{CHCl_3}$

Match the LIST-I with LIST-II

	LIST-I (Classification of molecules based on octet rule)		LIST-II (Example)
A.	Molecules obeying octet rule	I.	$\mathrm{NO,\ NO_2}$
B.	Molecules with incomplete octet	II.	$\mathrm{BCl_3,\ AlCl_3}$
C.	Molecules with incomplete octet with odd electron	III.	$\mathrm{H_2SO_4,\ PCl_5}$
D.	Molecules with expanded octet	IV.	$\mathrm{CCl_4,\ CO_2}$

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Which of the following linear combinations of atomic orbitals will lead to formation of molecular orbitals in homonuclear diatomic molecules? [Internuclear axis in z-direction]

A. $2p_z$ and $2p_x$

B. $2s$ and $2p_x$

C. $3d_{xy}$ and $3d_{x^2-y^2}$

D. $2s$ and $2p_z$

E. $2p_z$ and $3d_{x^2-y^2}$

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Which of the following statement is true with respect to $\mathrm{H_2O}$, $\mathrm{NH_3}$ and $\mathrm{CH_4}$ ?

A. The central atoms of all the molecules are $sp^3$ hybridized.

B. The H–O–H, H–N–H and H–C–H angles in the above molecules are 104.5°, 107.5° and 109.5°, respectively.

C. The increasing order of dipole moment is $\mathrm{CH_4 < NH_3 < H_2O}$.

D. Both $\mathrm{H_2O}$ and $\mathrm{NH_3}$ are Lewis acids and $\mathrm{CH_4}$ is a Lewis base.

E. A solution of $\mathrm{NH_3}$ in $\mathrm{H_2O}$ is basic. In this solution $\mathrm{NH_3}$ and $\mathrm{H_2O}$ act as Lowry-Bronsted acid and base respectively.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Given below are two statements :

Statement (I): Experimentally determined oxygen-oxygen bond lengths in the $\mathrm{O_3}$ are found to be same and the bond length is greater than that of a $\mathrm{O=O}$ (double bond) but less than that of a single $\mathrm{(O-O)}$ bond.

Statement (II): The strong lone pair-lone pair repulsion between oxygen atoms is solely responsible for the fact that the bond length in ozone is smaller than that of a double bond $\mathrm{(O=O)}$ but more than that of a single bond $\mathrm{(O-O)}$.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

The molecules having square pyramidal geometry are

Total number of molecules/species from following which will be paramagnetic is __________.

$\mathrm{O_2},\ \mathrm{O_2^{+}},\ \mathrm{O_2^{-}},\ \mathrm{NO},\ \mathrm{NO_2},\ \mathrm{CO},\ \mathrm{K_2[NiCl_4]},\ \mathrm{[Co(NH_3)_6]Cl_3},\ \mathrm{K_2[Ni(CN)_4]}$

Which one of the following molecules has maximum dipole moment ?

Number of molecules/ions from the following in which the central atom is involved in $\mathrm{sp^3}$ hybridization is ________.

$\mathrm{NO_3^-,\ BCl_3,\ ClO_2^-,\ ClO_3}$

Number of molecules/species from the following having one unpaired electron is ________.

$\mathrm{O_2,\ O_2^{-1},\ NO,\ CN^{-1},\ O_2^{2-}}$

The correct statement/s about Hydrogen bonding is/are

A. Hydrogen bonding exists when H is covalently bonded to the highly electro negative atom. B. Intermolecular H bonding is present in o-nitro phenol C. Intramolecular H bonding is present in HF. D. The magnitude of H bonding depends on the physical state of the compound. E. H-bonding has powerful effect on the structure and properties of compounds

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The number of species from the following that have pyramidal geometry around the central atom is ______

$$\mathrm{S_2O_3^{2-},\ SO_4^{2-},\ SO_3^{2-},\ S_2O_7^{2-}}$$

Number of compounds / species from the following with non-zero dipole moment is ________.

$$\mathrm{BeCl_2,\ BCl_3,\ NF_3,\ XeF_4,\ CCl_4,\ H_2O,\ H_2S,\ HBr,\ CO_2,\ H_2,\ HCl}$$

The total number of 'sigma' and 'Pi' bonds in 2-oxohex-4-ynoic acid is ________.

Number of $\sigma$ and $\pi$ bonds present in ethylene molecule is respectively :

In the lewis dot structure for $\mathrm{NO_2^-}$, total number of valence electrons around nitrogen is ________.

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : $\mathrm{NH_3}$ and $\mathrm{NF_3}$ molecule have pyramidal shape with a lone pair of electrons on nitrogen atom. The resultant dipole moment of $\mathrm{NH_3}$ is greater than that of $\mathrm{NF_3}$.

Reason (R) : In $\mathrm{NH_3}$, the orbital dipole due to lone pair is in the same direction as the resultant dipole moment of the $\mathrm{N-H}$ bonds. F is the most electronegative element.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Match List - I with List - II.

List - I	List - II
(A) $\mathrm{ICl}$	(I) T - shape
(B) $\mathrm{ICl_3}$	(II) Square pyramidal
(C) $\mathrm{ClF_5}$	(III) Pentagonal bipyramidal
(D) $\mathrm{IF_7}$	(IV) Linear

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Number of compounds from the following with zero dipole moment is ________.

$\mathrm{HF}$, $\mathrm{H_2}$, $\mathrm{H_2S}$, $\mathrm{CO_2}$, $\mathrm{NH_3}$, $\mathrm{BF_3}$, $\mathrm{CH_4}$, $\mathrm{CHCl_3}$, $\mathrm{SiF_4}$, $\mathrm{H_2O}$, $\mathrm{BeF_2}$

Match List I with List II

LIST I (Molecule / Species)	LIST II (Property / Shape)
A. $\mathrm{SO_2Cl_2}$	I. Paramagnetic
B. $\mathrm{NO}$	II. Diamagnetic
C. $\mathrm{NO_2^-}$	III. Tetrahedral
D. $\mathrm{I_3^-}$	IV. Linear

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Match List I with List II

LIST I (Compound/Species)	LIST II (Shape/Geometry)
A. $\mathrm{SF_4}$	I. Tetrahedral
B. $\mathrm{BrF_3}$	II. Pyramidal
C. $\mathrm{BrO_3^-}$	III. See saw
D. $\mathrm{NH_4^+}$	IV. Bent T-Shape

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Match List I with List II

LIST I (Hybridization)	LIST II (Orientation in Space)
A. $\mathrm{sp^3}$	I. Trigonal bipyramidal
B. $\mathrm{dsp^2}$	II. Octahedral
C. $\mathrm{sp^3d}$	III. Tetrahedral
D. $\mathrm{sp^3d^2}$	IV. Square planar

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Number of molecules from the following which can exhibit hydrogen bonding is ________. (nearest integer)

$\mathrm{CH_3OH}$, $\mathrm{H_2O}$, $\mathrm{C_2H_6}$, $\mathrm{C_6H_6}$, [Figure: benzene ring with $\mathrm{-NO_2}$ and $\mathrm{-OH}$ on adjacent positions (o-nitrophenol)], $\mathrm{HF}$, $\mathrm{NH_3}$

Given below are two statements :

Statement I : $\mathrm{PF_5}$ and $\mathrm{BrF_5}$ both exhibit $\mathrm{sp^3d}$ hybridisation.

Statement II : Both $\mathrm{SF_6}$ and $\mathrm{[Co(NH_3)_6]^{3+}}$ exhibit $\mathrm{sp^3d^2}$ hybridisation.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Total number of species from the following with central atom utilising $\mathrm{sp^2}$ hybrid orbitals for bonding is ________.

$\mathrm{NH_3}$, $\mathrm{SO_2}$, $\mathrm{SiO_2}$, $\mathrm{BeCl_2}$, $\mathrm{C_2H_2}$, $\mathrm{C_2H_4}$, $\mathrm{BCl_3}$, $\mathrm{HCHO}$, $\mathrm{C_6H_6}$, $\mathrm{BF_3}$, $\mathrm{C_2H_4Cl_2}$

Match List I with List II

	LIST I (Molecule)		LIST II (Shape)
A.	$\mathrm{NH_3}$	I.	Square pyramid
B.	$\mathrm{BrF_5}$	II.	Tetrahedral
C.	$\mathrm{PCl_5}$	III.	Trigonal pyramidal
D.	$\mathrm{CH_4}$	IV.	Trigonal bipyramidal

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Number of molecules from the following which are exceptions to octet rule is _________.

$\mathrm{CO_2,\ NO_2,\ H_2SO_4,\ BF_3,\ CH_4,\ SiF_4,\ ClO_2,\ PCl_5,\ BeF_2,\ C_2H_6,\ CHCl_3,\ CBr_4}$

When $\psi_A$ and $\psi_B$ are the wave functions of atomic orbitals, then $\sigma^*$ is represented by :

Number of molecules having bond order 2 from the following molecules is ________.

$\mathrm{C_2,\ O_2,\ Be_2,\ Li_2,\ Ne_2,\ N_2,\ He_2}$

In which one of the following pairs the central atoms exhibit $\mathrm{sp^2}$ hybridization ?

Given below are two statements : Statement (I) : The oxidation state of an element in a particular compound is the charge acquired by its atom on the basis of electron gain enthalpy consideration from other atoms in the molecule. Statement (II) : $\mathrm{p\pi - p\pi}$ bond formation is more prevalent in second period elements over other periods. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

The total number of species from the following in which one unpaired electron is present, is ________. $$\mathrm{N_2,\ O_2,\ C_2^-,\ O_2^-,\ O_2^{2-},\ H_2^+,\ CN^-,\ He_2^+}$$

The correct increasing order for bond angles among $\mathrm{BF_3}$, $\mathrm{PF_3}$ and $\mathrm{ClF_3}$ is :

Total number of electrons present in $(\pi^{*})$ molecular orbitals of $\mathrm{O_2}$, $\mathrm{O_2^{+}}$ and $\mathrm{O_2^{-}}$ is ________.

Arrange the bonds in order of increasing ionic character in the molecules. $\mathrm{LiF}$, $\mathrm{K_2O}$, $\mathrm{N_2}$, $\mathrm{SO_2}$ and $\mathrm{ClF_3}$ :

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : $\mathrm{PH_3}$ has lower boiling point than $\mathrm{NH_3}$.

Reason (R) : In liquid state $\mathrm{NH_3}$ molecules are associated through vander Waal's forces, but $\mathrm{PH_3}$ molecules are associated through hydrogen bonding.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

The number of molecules/ion/s having trigonal bipyramidal shape is ________.

$\mathrm{PF_5}$, $\mathrm{BrF_5}$, $\mathrm{PCl_5}$, $\mathrm{[PtCl_4]^{2-}}$, $\mathrm{BF_3}$, $\mathrm{Fe(CO)_5}$

Given below are two statements :

Statement (I) : A $\pi$ bonding MO has lower electron density above and below the inter-nuclear axis.

Statement (II) : The $\pi^*$ antibonding MO has a node between the nuclei.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Select the compound from the following that will show intramolecular hydrogen bonding.

Choose the polar molecule from the following :

Sum of bond order of CO and $\mathrm{NO^+}$ is ________.

The number of species from the following which are paramagnetic and with bond order equal to one is ________.

$\mathrm{H_2},\ \mathrm{He_2^+},\ \mathrm{O_2^+},\ \mathrm{N_2^{2-}},\ \mathrm{O_2^{2-}},\ \mathrm{F_2},\ \mathrm{Ne_2^+},\ \mathrm{B_2}$

Number of compounds with one lone pair of electrons on central atom amongst following is __________

$\mathrm{O_3},\ \mathrm{H_2O},\ \mathrm{SF_4},\ \mathrm{ClF_3},\ \mathrm{NH_3},\ \mathrm{BrF_5},\ \mathrm{XeF_4}$

Match List - I with List - II.

List - I (Molecule)	List - II (Shape)
(A) $\mathrm{BrF_5}$	(I) T-shape
(B) $\mathrm{H_2O}$	(II) See saw
(C) $\mathrm{ClF_3}$	(III) Bent
(D) $\mathrm{SF_4}$	(IV) Square pyramidal

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

The total number of molecular orbitals formed from 2s and 2p atomic orbitals of a diatomic molecule is ________.

Given below are two statements:

Statement - I: Since Fluorine is more electronegative than nitrogen, the net dipole moment of $\mathrm{NF_3}$ is greater than $\mathrm{NH_3}$.

Statement - II: In $\mathrm{NH_3}$, the orbital dipole due to lone pair and the dipole moment of NH bonds are in opposite direction, but in $\mathrm{NF_3}$ the orbital dipole due to lone pair and dipole moments of N-F bonds are in same direction.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate from the options given below:

The molecule / ion with square pyramidal shape is

The linear combination of atomic orbitals to form molecular orbitals takes place only when the combining atomic orbitals

A. have the same energy B. have the minimum overlap C. have same symmetry about the molecular axis D. have different symmetry about the molecular axis

Choose the most appropriate from the options given below:

The number of species from the following in which the central atom uses $\mathrm{sp^3}$ hybrid orbitals in its bonding is _______.

$\mathrm{NH_3}$, $\mathrm{SO_2}$, $\mathrm{SiO_2}$, $\mathrm{BeCl_2}$, $\mathrm{CO_2}$, $\mathrm{H_2O}$, $\mathrm{CH_4}$, $\mathrm{BF_3}$

Which of the following is least ionic?

A diatomic molecule has a dipole moment of 1.2 D. If the bond distance is $1\ \mathrm{\AA}$, then fractional charge on each atom is _______ $\times 10^{-1}$ esu.

(Given 1 D = $10^{-18}$ esucm)