p-Block Elements — JEE Main PYQs

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: The covalency of oxygen is generally two but it can exceed upto four. The oxidation state of oxygen in $\mathrm{SO_2}$ is $-2$ and in $\mathrm{OF_2}$ it is $+2$.

Statement II: The anomalous behaviour of oxygen when compared to the other elements of group 16 is due to its small size and high electronegativity.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below

The electronegativity of a group 13 element 'E' is same as that of Ge (on Pauling scale and upto one decimal point). The CORRECT statements about $\mathrm{E^{3+}}$ are

A. It can act as a reducing agent.

B. It can act as an oxidizing agent.

C. $\mathrm{E^{3+}}$ is more stable than $\mathrm{E^{+}}$.

D. The standard electrode potential value for $\mathrm{E^{3+}/E}$ is positive.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct statements from the following are:

A. Nitrogen in oxidation states from +1 to +4 disproportionates in acid medium. B. Nitrogen has the ability to form $\mathrm{d\pi\text{-}p\pi}$ multiple bonds with itself and other elements with small size and high electronegativity. C. N–N single bond is stronger than P–P single bond. D. Nitrogen has highest density in its group due to small size. E. The maximum covalency of nitrogen is four since it has only four valence orbitals for bonding.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Given below are two statements :

Statement I : Aluminium upon reaction with NaOH forms $\mathrm{[Al(OH)_6]^{3-}}$ ion.

Statement II : The geometry of $\mathrm{ICl_4^-}$, $\mathrm{ClO_3^-}$ and $\mathrm{IBr_2^-}$ is square planar, pyramidal and linear respectively.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Aluminium is more electropositive than thallium as the standard electrode potential value of $\mathrm{E^{\circ}_{Al^{3+}/Al}}$ is negative and $\mathrm{E^{\circ}_{Tl^{3+}/Tl}}$ is positive.

Statement II: The sum of first three ionization enthalpies of boron is very high when compared to that of aluminium. Due to this reason boron forms covalent compounds only and aluminium forms $\mathrm{Al^{3+}}$ ion.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below

Treatment of a gas 'X' with a freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution gives a compound 'Y' as a brown ring. The compounds X and Y are.

Find the correct statements related to group 15 hydrides.

A. Reducing nature increases from $\mathrm{NH_3}$ to $\mathrm{BiH_3}$

B. Tendency to donate lone pair of electrons decreases from $\mathrm{NH_3}$ to $\mathrm{BiH_3}$

C. The stability of hydrides decreases from $\mathrm{NH_3}$ to $\mathrm{BiH_3}$

D. HEH bond angle decreases from $\mathrm{NH_3}$ to $\mathrm{SbH_3}$ (E = Elements of group 15)

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Given below are two statements :

Statement (I) : The metallic radius of Al is less than that of Ga.

Statement (II) : The ionic radius of $\mathrm{Al^{3+}}$ is less than that of $\mathrm{Ga^{3+}}$.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

The nature of oxide $\mathrm{(TeO_2)}$ and hydride $\mathrm{(TeH_2)}$ formed by Te, respectively are :

Given below are two statements:

Statement I : The N - N single bond is weaker and longer than that of P - P single bond.

Statement II : Compounds of group 15 elements in + 3 oxidation states readily undergo disproportionation reactions.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below

The correct orders among the following are

A. Atomic radius : $\mathrm{B < Al < Ga < In < Tl}$ B. Electronegativity : $\mathrm{Al < Ga < In < Tl < B}$ C. Density : $\mathrm{Tl < In < Ga < Al < B}$ D. 1st Ionisation Energy : $\mathrm{In < Al < Ga < Tl < B}$

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The elements of Group 13 with highest and lowest first ionisation enthalpies are respectively :

The group 14 elements A and B have the first ionisation enthalpy values of 708 and 715 kJ mol$^{-1}$ respectively. The above values are lowest among their group members. The nature of their ions $\mathrm{A^{2+}}$ and $\mathrm{B^{4+}}$ respectively is

The correct statements from the following are :

(A) $\mathrm{Tl^{3+}}$ is a powerful oxidising agent

(B) $\mathrm{Al^{3+}}$ does not get reduced easily

(C) Both $\mathrm{Al^{3+}}$ and $\mathrm{Tl^{3+}}$ are very stable in solution

(D) $\mathrm{Tl^+}$ is more stable than $\mathrm{Tl^{3+}}$

(E) $\mathrm{Al^{3+}}$ and $\mathrm{Tl^+}$ are highly stable

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Given below are two statements:

Statement I : $\mathrm{H_2Se}$ is more acidic than $\mathrm{H_2Te}$

Statement II : $\mathrm{H_2Se}$ has higher bond enthalpy for dissociation than $\mathrm{H_2Te}$

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below

The maximum covalency of a non-metallic group 15 element 'E' with weakest $\mathrm{E-E}$ bond is :

The incorrect statement among the following is

Below are given the atomic numbers of a few elements of group 14. The atomic number of the element with the lowest melting point is :

The large difference in the melting and boiling points of oxygen and sulphur may be explained on the basis of -

Consider the following elements In, Tl, Al, Pb, Sn and Ge.

The most stable oxidation states of elements with highest and lowest first ionisation enthalpies, respectively, are

A group 15 element forms $d\pi - d\pi$ bond with transition metals. It also forms hydride, which is a strongest base among the hydrides of other group members that form $d\pi - d\pi$ bond. The atomic number of the element is __________.

Given below are two statements :

Statement I : In group 13, the stability of $+1$ oxidation state increases down the group.

Statement II : The atomic size of gallium is greater than that of aluminium.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

The number of neutrons present in the more abundant isotope of boron is '$x$'. Amorphous boron upon heating with air forms a product, in which the oxidation state of boron is '$y$'. The value of $x + y$ is ________.

The correct statements from the following are :

(A) The decreasing order of atomic radii of group 13 elements is $\mathrm{Tl > In > Ga > Al > B}$.

(B) Down the group 13 electronegativity decreases from top to bottom.

(C) Al dissolves in dil. HCl and liberates $\mathrm{H_2}$ but conc. $\mathrm{HNO_3}$ renders Al passive by forming a protective oxide layer on the surface.

(D) All elements of group 13 exhibits highly stable $+1$ oxidation state.

(E) Hybridisation of Al in $\mathrm{[Al(H_2O)_6]^{3+}}$ ion is $\mathrm{sp^3d^2}$.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Which of the following material is not a semiconductor.

Given below are two statements :

Statement I : Gallium is used in the manufacturing of thermometers.

Statement II : A thermometer containing gallium is useful for measuring the freezing point (256 K) of brine solution.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

The number of ions from the following that are expected to behave as oxidising agent is : $\mathrm{Sn^{4+}}$, $\mathrm{Sn^{2+}}$, $\mathrm{Pb^{2+}}$, $\mathrm{Tl^{3+}}$, $\mathrm{Pb^{4+}}$, $\mathrm{Tl^{+}}$

Evaluate the following statements related to group 14 elements for their correctness. (A) Covalent radius decreases down the group from C to Pb in a regular manner. (B) Electronegativity decreases from C to Pb down the group gradually. (C) Maximum covalence of C is 4 whereas other elements can expand their covalence due to presence of d orbitals. (D) Heavier elements do not form $p\pi$-$p\pi$ bonds. (E) Carbon can exhibit negative oxidation states.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Among the following halogens

$\mathrm{F_2,\ Cl_2,\ Br_2}$ and $\mathrm{I_2}$

Which can undergo disproportionation reactions?

Give below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R:

Assertion A: The stability order of +1 oxidation state of Ga, In and Tl is Ga < In < Tl.

Reason R: The inert pair effect stabilizes the lower oxidation state down the group.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Identify the correct statements about p-block elements and their compounds.

(A) Non metals have higher electronegativity than metals.

(B) Non metals have lower ionisation enthalpy than metals.

(C) Compounds formed between highly reactive nonmetals and highly reactive metals are generally ionic.

(D) The non-metal oxides are generally basic in nature.

(E) The metal oxides are generally acidic or neutral in nature.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Identify the incorrect statements about group 15 elements :

(A) Dinitrogen is a diatomic gas which acts like an inert gas at room temperature.

(B) The common oxidation states of these elements are $-3$, $+3$ and $+5$.

(C) Nitrogen has unique ability to form $\mathrm{p\pi - p\pi}$ multiple bonds.

(D) The stability of $+5$ oxidation states increases down the group.

(E) Nitrogen shows a maximum covalency of 6.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : Both rhombic and monoclinic sulphur exist as $\mathrm{S_8}$ while oxygen exists as $\mathrm{O_2}$. Reason (R) : Oxygen forms $\mathrm{p\pi - p\pi}$ multiple bonds with itself and other elements having small size and high electronegativity like C, N, which is not possible for sulphur. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

The $\mathrm{F^-}$ ions make the enamel on teeth much harder by converting hydroxyapatite (the enamel on the surface of teeth) into much harder fluoroapatite having the formula.

On reaction of Lead Sulphide with dilute nitric acid which of the following is not formed ?

Match List I with List II

	LIST I		LIST II
A.	Melting Point [K]	I.	$\mathrm{Tl > In > Ga > Al > B}$
B.	Ionic Radius [$\mathrm{M^{+3}}$/pm]	II.	$\mathrm{B > Tl > Al \approx Ga > In}$
C.	$\Delta_i H_1$ [kJ mol$^{-1}$]	III.	$\mathrm{Tl > In > Al > Ga > B}$
D.	Atomic Radius [pm]	IV.	$\mathrm{B > Al > Tl > In > Ga}$

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Number of oxygen atoms present in chemical formula of fuming sulphuric acid is ________.

Among the following oxides of p-block elements, number of oxides having amphoteric nature is ________.

$\mathrm{Cl_2O_7}$, $\mathrm{CO}$, $\mathrm{PbO_2}$, $\mathrm{N_2O}$, $\mathrm{NO}$, $\mathrm{Al_2O_3}$, $\mathrm{SiO_2}$, $\mathrm{N_2O_5}$, $\mathrm{SnO_2}$

The strongest reducing agent among the following is :

Given below are two statements :

Statement (I) : $\mathrm{SiO_2}$ and $\mathrm{GeO_2}$ are acidic while $\mathrm{SnO}$ and $\mathrm{PbO}$ are amphoteric in nature.

Statement (II) : Allotropic forms of carbon are due to property of catenation and $\mathrm{p\pi\text{-}d\pi}$ bond formation.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Element not showing variable oxidation state is :

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : Melting point of Boron (2453 K) is unusually high in group 13 elements.

Reason (R) : Solid Boron has very strong crystalline lattice.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Yellow compound of lead chromate gets dissolved on treatment with hot NaOH solution. The product of lead formed is a :

Identify the incorrect pair from the following :

Given below are two statements :

Statement I : The electronegativity of group 14 elements from Si to Pb, gradually decreases.

Statement II : Group 14 contains non-metallic, metallic, as well as metalloid elements.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate from the options given below :

Aluminium chloride in acidified aqueous solution forms an ion having geometry

Choose the correct statements about the hydrides of group 15 elements.

A. The stability of the hydrides decreases in the order $\mathrm{NH_3} > \mathrm{PH_3} > \mathrm{AsH_3} > \mathrm{SbH_3} > \mathrm{BiH_3}$.

B. The reducing ability of the hydride increases in the order $\mathrm{NH_3} < \mathrm{PH_3} < \mathrm{AsH_3} < \mathrm{SbH_3} < \mathrm{BiH_3}$.

C. Among the hydrides, $\mathrm{NH_3}$ is strong reducing agent while $\mathrm{BiH_3}$ is mild reducing agent.

D. The basicity of the hydrides increases in the order $\mathrm{NH_3} < \mathrm{PH_3} < \mathrm{AsH_3} < \mathrm{SbH_3} < \mathrm{BiH_3}$.

Choose the most appropriate from the options given below:

Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R:

Assertion A: $\mathrm{H_2Te}$ is more acidic than $\mathrm{H_2S}$.

Reason R: Bond dissociation enthalpy of $\mathrm{H_2Te}$ is lower than $\mathrm{H_2S}$.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate from the options given below:

Consider the oxides of group 14 elements

$\mathrm{SiO_2}$, $\mathrm{GeO_2}$, $\mathrm{SnO_2}$, $\mathrm{PbO_2}$, $\mathrm{CO}$ and $\mathrm{GeO}$. The amphoteric oxides are

Give below are two statements: Statement - I: Noble gases have very high boiling points. Statement - II: Noble gases are monoatomic gases. They are held together by strong dispersion forces. Because of this they are liquefied at very low temperature. Hence, they have very high boiling points. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Given below are two statements :

Statement I : Group 13 trivalent halides get easily hydrolyzed by water due to their covalent nature.

Statement II : $\mathrm{AlCl_3}$ upon hydrolysis in acidified aqueous solution forms octahedral $\mathrm{[Al(H_2O)_6]^{3+}}$ ion.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Choose the correct statements from the following

A. All group 16 elements form oxides of general formula $\mathrm{EO_2}$ and $\mathrm{EO_3}$, where E = S, Se, Te and Po. Both the types of oxides are acidic in nature. B. $\mathrm{TeO_2}$ is an oxidising agent while $\mathrm{SO_2}$ is reducing in nature. C. The reducing property decreases from $\mathrm{H_2S}$ to $\mathrm{H_2Te}$ down the group. D. The ozone molecule contains five lone pairs of electrons.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below: